![]() ![]() They offered a variety of statistics to illustrate their argument. ![]() The president and chancellors of the University of California (UC) explained to the Supreme Court that “he abandonment of race-conscious admissions policies resulted in an immediate and precipitous decline in the rates at which underrepresented-minority students applied to, were admitted to, and enrolled at” the university. Their experience powerfully demonstrates what would happen if the Supreme Court were to reverse its earlier decisions and hold affirmative action to be unconstitutional. Some states, like California, abolished affirmative action by voter initiative. Why is affirmative action needed? First, the simple reality is that the long history of racial discrimination means it is not possible to achieve racial diversity in colleges and universities without it. Every Supreme Court decision to consider the constitutionality of affirmative action in higher education has upheld it as permissible under equal protection so long as the government shows it is necessary to achieve diversity within the student body and that it is not a quota. This rate is four times the national average.īecause of the history of race discrimination in the United States and continuing inequalities, affirmative action programs remain essential. Moreover, African American men are incarcerated at the rate of more than three per 100 citizens. Forty percent of African American children live in poverty compared with only 14 percent of white children. By contrast, only 9 percent of whites do. Twenty-four percent of African Americans and 21 percent of Latinos live below the poverty line. There is no doubt the United States has made great progress over its history with regard to equality. Note that the arguments in this essay are not the personal views of the scholars but are illustrative of larger historical debates. Then, complete the comparison questions that follow. Read the two arguments in response to the questions, paying close attention to the supporting evidence and reasoning used for each. Use this point-counterpoint with the Rodney King and the Los Angeles Race Riots Narrative the Timothy McVeigh and the Oklahoma City Bombing Narrative the Tech Giants: Steve Jobs and Bill Gates Narrative and the AIDS Memorial Quilt, 1987 Primary Source to discuss domestic issues between 1980 and the present day.Īre affirmative action policies justified to ensure opportunities for traditionally underrepresented groups? Or do they result in engineered outcomes that result in discriminatory policies toward other groups? Instructions.Written by: (Claim A) Erwin Chemerinsky, UC Berkeley Law School (Claim B) Artemus Ward, Northern Illinois University Suggested Sequencing ![]()
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